Authors: Muhammad Parial Jokhio, Rukhsana Khan, Iqra, Tahir Hussain, Zohaib Ali, Neeta Maheshwary & Waseem Asif
Journal: International Journal of Endorsing Health Science Research
DOI: https://doi.org/10.29052/IJEHSR.v13.i2.2025.73-80
Abstract
Background: Early childhood represents a critical window for physical and cognitive development, heavily influenced by nutritional status and household conditions. Household Food Insecurity (HFI) defined as limited or uncertain access to sufficient, safe, and nutritious food remains a key determinant of childhood undernutrition. In Pakistan, particularly in rural areas, HFI continues to pose a widespread challenge. This study aimed to assess the level and patterns of HFI among families with children aged 2 to 5 years in Union Council Dabhro (Darbelo), Taluka Kandiaro, District Naushahro Feroze, Sindh, Pakistan.
Methodology: A community-based cross-sectional survey was conducted among 106 households with children aged 2 to 5 years. A purposive sampling approach targeted households registered with Lady Health Workers (LHWs). Data were collected using a structured, pretested questionnaire incorporating the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS). Descriptive statistics were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0.
Results: The prevalence of HFI was alarmingly high. A total of 82.1% of households reported being unable to eat preferred foods, 81.1% reduced meal sizes, and 77.4% had fewer meals per day. Furthermore, 70.8% experienced entire days without food, and 51.9% went a full day and night without eating. The mean household size was 9.6 members. Based on HFIAS classification, 42.5% of households were severely food insecure and 57.5% were mildly food insecure. None of the households were classified as food secure or moderately food insecure.
Conclusion: This study underscores a substantial burden of food insecurity among rural families with young children in District Naushahro Feroze. These findings highlight the need for locally tailored, community-based interventions such as nutrition-sensitive social protection programs and targeted education to address food insecurity and improve child well-being in similar rural contexts.